Norton Sound Health Corporation (NSHC) has issued an air quality alert for Nome after hazardous levels of dust were recorded on Wednesday, Oct. 23. The PM10 Air Quality Index surpassed 301, placing it in the “hazardous” range, according to NSHC’s Office of Environmental Health.
PM10 refers to particulate matter that is 10 micrometers in diameter or smaller — roughly one-seventh the width of a human hair. These tiny dust particles can be inhaled deep into the lungs, where they may cause irritation, worsen respiratory and heart conditions or increase the risk of long-term health problems.
According to climatologist Rick Thoman, the likely cause of the elevated dust levels is recent freeze-thaw cycles that have loosened the top layer of sediment on surfaces in and around Nome. The recent dry-spell follows what could end up being the sixth-most wet October in recorded history, according to Thoman.
The air quality monitor is located on the KNOM Radio Mission building in the center of downtown Nome. The QuantAQ MODULAIR sensor measures carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), temperature and relative humidity.
The Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation routinely gathers data from the Nome site and publishes it online.
Health officials said the dust is particularly dangerous for vulnerable groups, including children, elders, pregnant women and people with preexisting respiratory or heart conditions. Symptoms of exposure may include coughing, throat irritation, shortness of breath, or chest pain. Residents are urged to seek medical care if symptoms worsen.
PM10 readings above 300 are considered hazardous under Environmental Protection Agency standards. While Nome frequently experiences dust issues during spring breakup and windy summer days, readings this severe are uncommon in late October.
N95 masks are available in the lobby of the Norton Sound Regional Hospital and at village clinics for those who must go outside. Officials recommend keeping outdoor trips brief and wearing a mask to limit exposure.
